ABSTRACT
O artigo analisa a adesão dos cidadãos ao teste rápido de despistagem do VIH no Centro de Aconselhamento e Deteção Precoce do VIH/sida (CAD) da cidade de Bragança (Nordeste de Portugal). Em concreto, procura-se examinar o papel do diagnóstico rápido na luta contra a infeção pelo VIH/sida no quadro do sistema público de saúde português, compreender as circunstâncias subjacentes à procura do serviço e interpretar as percepções e práticas dos utentes do CAD objecto desta pesquisa. Em termos metodológicos, tratou-se de um estudo de caso assente em inquirição etnográfica, articulando observação direta, diálogos informais e entrevistas, a que se associou uma extensa pesquisa documental e estatística. Os resultados apurados permitem afirmar que o teste rápido proporcionou um contributo muito positivo para a luta contra a infeção pelo VIH/sida, facilitando o acesso dos cidadãos ao conhecimento praticamente imediato do seu estado serológico e melhorando o seguimento destes por parte dos técnicos de saúde. A chamada dissipação da incerteza, na sequência de uma situação de risco, é o principal motivo que leva os utentes a realizar o teste rápido...
The article examines the adherence of citizens to the quick test for HIV in the Counseling and Early Detection of HIV/AIDS Center (CAD), in the city of Bragança (Northeast Portugal). Specifically, it seeks to examine the role of a fast diagnosis in the fight against AIDS within the Portuguese public health system, to understand the circumstances underlying the demand for the service and to interpret the perceptions and practices of CAD users. In terms of methodology, it was a case study based on ethnographic inquiry, linking direct observation, informal conversations and interviews, which was associated with extensive documental and statistic research. The results obtained allow us to state that the quick test gave a very positive contribution to the fight against HIV/AIDS infection, facilitating citizen access to knowledge of their serological status almost instantly and improving their follow-up by health technicians. The so-called dissipation of uncertainty, following sexual risk behavior, is the main reason that leads users to perform a quick test...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , HIV , Sex Counseling , Anthropology, Cultural , Delivery of Health Care , Risk-Taking , Sexual Behavior , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/diagnosis , Anonymous Testing , Serologic Tests , PortugalABSTRACT
This article discusses how the main trends and impacts of capitalist dynamics are felt in Mozambique, based on a case study of the cashew industry, especially its industrial processing component. Having emerged in the colonial period, the cashew industry provides a practical example of Mozambique's integration in the world economy through the exploitation of natural resources and the local labor force to manufacture products for the main central markets. In order to better understand this industry's evolution and current situation, the author conducted his fieldwork in various places, especially in two cashew nut processing plants in the district of Manjacaze (Gaza Province). He thus adopted a methodological strategy based on a multilocal ethnography rather than a classical approach centered on the study of a single location or a supposedly isolated and autonomous community.
Dans cet article, on examine comment les principales tendances et impacts des dynamiques du capitalisme se présentent au Mozambique, à partir d'une étude sur l'économie du cajou, surtout dans son aspect industriel. Née dans la phase finale du colonialisme, cette industrie reflète un mode concret de l'intégration du Mozambique dans l'économie mondiale, par l'exploitation des ressources naturelles et de la force du travail locale afin de produire les marchandises destinées aux principaux marchés des pays centraux. Pour mieux comprendre l'évolution et la situation actuelle de cette industrie, le travail sur le terrain s'est déroulé en plusieurs endroits, surtout dans les deux usines de traitement de la noix de cajou situées dans le district de Manjacaze (province de Gaza). On a choisi une stratégie méthodologique basée sur une ethnographie éparpillée dans l'espace, au lieu de l'approche classique centrée sur l'étude d'un seul lieu et d'une communauté, apparemment isolés et autonomes.